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Energy Management System Architecture

Unified Design for myems + openems

This document defines the combined architecture, data structures, and parameters of two Energy Management platforms:

• myems → microservice ETL + analytics + dashboard system
• openems → real-time device/channel control framework

It also proposes a unified architecture suitable for:

• dashboards
• analytics
• real-time monitoring
• edge control
• scalable cloud deployment

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1. Architecture Overview

myems – ETL & Analytics Pipeline

Flow

Meters → Modbus → Cleaning → Normalization → Aggregation → DB → API → UI

Design Traits

• Database first
• Historical analytics
• Batch processing
• Microservices
• Reporting/Billing focused

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openems – Real-Time Component Framework

Flow

Devices → Components → Channels → Controllers → Edge → Backend

Design Traits

• Object oriented
• Real-time telemetry
• Device abstraction
• Edge computing
• Control & automation focused

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2. Folder Structure Comparison

myems

database/
myems-modbus-tcp/
myems-cleaning/
myems-normalization/
myems-aggregation/
myems-api/
myems-web/
myems-admin/

Module	Purpose
modbus-tcp	device polling
cleaning	bad data removal
normalization	unit conversion
aggregation	analytics
api	REST gateway
web	user dashboard
admin	configuration
database	schema/migrations

---

openems

edge/
  component/
  controller/
  meter/
  battery/
  inverter/
backend/
ui/

Module	Purpose
component	device abstraction
channel	measurement signals
controller	logic/control
edge	real-time execution
backend	sync/storage
ui	monitoring

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3. Core Data Structures

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3.1 myems – Time-Series Model

RawReading

RawReading {
  meter_id: number
  timestamp: datetime
  register: number
  value: float
  quality: string
}

CleanReading

CleanReading {
  meter_id
  timestamp
  value
  status
}

NormalizedReading

NormalizedReading {
  meter_id
  timestamp
  value_kwh
  unit
}

AggregatedEnergy

AggregatedEnergy {
  meter_id
  period
  energy_kwh
  demand_kw
  peak_kw
  cost
  co2_kg
}

Pattern

(meter_id, timestamp, value)

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3.2 openems – Component/Channel Model

Component

Component {
  id
  alias
  enabled
  channels[]
}

Channel

Channel {
  id
  type
  unit
  value
  timestamp
}

Pattern

component.channel.value

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4. Energy Component Parameters (Complete)

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Electrical Measurements

Parameter	Unit	Meaning
Voltage	V	line voltage
Current	A	phase current
ActivePower	kW	real power
ReactivePower	kVAR	reactive
ApparentPower	kVA	total
Frequency	Hz	grid freq
PowerFactor	–	efficiency

---

Energy Metrics

Parameter	Unit
EnergyImport	kWh
EnergyExport	kWh
TotalEnergy	kWh
Demand	kW
PeakDemand	kW
Cost	currency
CO2	kg

---

Battery Metrics

Parameter	Unit
SOC	%
ChargePower	kW
DischargePower	kW
Voltage	V
Current	A
Temperature	°C
Capacity	kWh

---

Inverter Metrics

Parameter	Unit
AC_Power	kW
DC_Power	kW
Efficiency	%
State	enum
Fault	boolean

---

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5. Conceptual Comparison

Feature	myems	openems
Core model	DB rows	objects
Data style	batch	real-time
Storage	SQL	memory/edge
Analytics	strong	moderate
Control	weak	strong
Best for	dashboards	automation

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6. Mapping Between Systems

openems	myems equivalent
Component.id	meter_id
Channel.name	register
Channel.value	value
timestamp	timestamp
ActivePower	demand_kw
EnergyImport	energy_kwh
SOC	battery_soc

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7. Unified Architecture (Recommended)

Hybrid Flow

Devices
   ↓
OpenEMS Edge (channels)
   ↓
Timeseries DB (myems style)
   ↓
API
   ↓
React Dashboard

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Unified Data Model (Recommended)

Device

Device {
  id
  type
  location
  metadata
}

Channel

Channel {
  device_id
  name
  unit
}

Reading

Reading {
  device_id
  channel
  timestamp
  value
}

Aggregate

Aggregate {
  device_id
  period
  energy
  demand
  cost
}

---

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8. Recommended API Format

{
  "deviceId": "meter-01",
  "channel": "ActivePower",
  "value": 3200,
  "unit": "W",
  "timestamp": 1734200000
}

Suitable for

• charts
• React Flow nodes
• live dashboards
• alerts
• analytics

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9. Recommended Tech Stack

Backend

• FastAPI / Node
• TimescaleDB / PostgreSQL
• Redis
• MQTT (optional)

Frontend

• React
• MUI / Chakra
• Recharts / ECharts
• Zustand

Edge

• OpenEMS components

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10. When to Use What

Use myems if:

• reports
• billing
• analytics
• historical queries

Use openems if:

• device control
• live telemetry
• edge logic

Energy System Components → Parameters Mapping Guide

Think physically first, not software first:

Grid → Meter → Inverter → Battery → Load → Solar

Each device exposes different electrical/energy parameters.

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1️. Energy Meter (Grid / Feeder / Load Meter)

Purpose

Measures electrical quantities + energy consumption

Parameters

Electrical (instantaneous)

Parameter	Unit	Meaning	Needed for
Voltage_L1/L2/L3	V	phase voltages	power calc
Current_L1/L2/L3	A	phase currents	load monitoring
Frequency	Hz	grid frequency	stability
PowerFactor	–	efficiency	billing/quality

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Power

Parameter	Unit	Meaning
ActivePower	kW	real usable power
ReactivePower	kVAR	non-working power
ApparentPower	kVA	total demand

---

Energy

Parameter	Unit	Meaning
EnergyImport	kWh	consumed energy
EnergyExport	kWh	exported energy
TotalEnergy	kWh	cumulative

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System Mapping

openems

meter0.ActivePower
meter0.EnergyImport

myems

meter_id, timestamp, energy_kwh

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2️. Battery Storage System (BESS)

Purpose

Stores and supplies energy

Parameters

State

Parameter	Unit	Meaning
SOC	%	state of charge
SOH	%	state of health
Capacity	kWh	usable capacity

---

Electrical

Parameter	Unit
Voltage	V
Current	A
Power	kW

---

Flow

Parameter	Unit	Meaning
ChargePower	kW	charging
DischargePower	kW	discharging
EnergyCharged	kWh	stored
EnergyDischarged	kWh	used

---

Safety

Parameter	Unit
Temperature	°C
Alarm/Fault	bool

---

System Mapping

openems

battery0.SOC
battery0.ChargePower

myems

battery_soc
battery_energy_kwh

---

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3️. Solar / PV Inverter

Purpose

Converts DC → AC

Parameters

DC side

Parameter	Unit
DC_Voltage	V
DC_Current	A
DC_Power	kW

---

AC side

Parameter	Unit
AC_Voltage	V
AC_Current	A
AC_Power	kW

---

Performance

Parameter	Unit
Efficiency	%
EnergyGenerated	kWh
Status	enum
Fault	bool

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System Mapping

openems

inverter0.AC_Power
inverter0.Efficiency

myems

generation_kwh

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4️. Load / Equipment

Purpose

Consumes energy

Parameters

Parameter	Unit
ActivePower	kW
EnergyConsumed	kWh
Runtime	hrs
Demand	kW
PeakDemand	kW
Status	on/off

---

Mapping

Same as meter, but logically tagged:

type = load

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5️. Grid / Utility Connection

Purpose

Tracks import/export with utility

Parameters

Parameter	Unit
ImportPower	kW
ExportPower	kW
ImportEnergy	kWh
ExportEnergy	kWh
Tariff	currency/kWh
Cost	currency

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Complete Parameter → Component Table

Parameter	Meter	Battery	Inverter	Load	Grid
Voltage	✅	✅	✅	–	–
Current	✅	✅	✅	–	–
ActivePower	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
ReactivePower	✅	–	–	–	–
EnergyImport	✅	–	–	–	✅
EnergyExport	✅	–	–	–	✅
SOC	–	✅	–	–	–
ChargePower	–	✅	–	–	–
DischargePower	–	✅	–	–	–
EnergyGenerated	–	–	✅	–	–
Temperature	–	✅	–	–	–
Demand/Peak	✅	–	–	✅	–
Cost	–	–	–	–	✅

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Final Practical Rule

If it measures electricity → Meter parameters

If it stores energy → Battery parameters

If it converts energy → Inverter parameters

If it consumes energy → Load parameters

If it bills energy → Grid parameters

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For Your React Dashboard

Use this universal format:

{
  deviceId: "battery-1",
  component: "battery",
  parameter: "SOC",
  value: 76,
  unit: "%"
}

This directly maps to:

• charts
• React Flow nodes
• alerts
• analytics
• live monitoring

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